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National Curriculum

KS1 SCIENCE Sc2 Life processes and living things

Life processes

1. Pupils should be taught:

a) the differences between things that are living and things that have never been alive

b) that animals, including humans, move, feed, grow, use their senses and reproduce

Humans and other animals

2. Pupils should be taught:

a) to recognise and compare the main external parts of the bodies of humans and other animals

b) that humans and other animals need food and water to stay alive

c) that taking exercise and eating the right types and amounts of food help humans to keep healthy

d) about the role of drugs as medicines

g) about the senses that enable humans and other animals to be aware of the world around them.

Variation and classification

4. Pupils should be taught to:

a) recognise similarities and differences between themselves and others, and to treat others with sensitivity

b) group living things according to observable similarities and differences.

KS1 SCIENCE Breadth of study

2. During the key stage, pupils should be taught to:

Communication

a) use simple scientific language to communicate ideas and to name and describe living things, materials, phenomena and processes

Health and safety

b) recognise that there are hazards in living things, materials and physical processes, and assess risks and take action to reduce risks to themselves and others.

KS1 MATHEMATICS Breadth of study

1. During the key stage, pupils should be taught the knowledge, skills and understanding through:

a) practical activity, exploration and discussion

b) using mathematical ideas in practical activities

KS1 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

During key stage 1 pupils explore ICT and learn to use it confidently and with purpose to achieve specific outcomes. They start to use ICT to develop their ideas and record their creative work. They become familiar with hardware and software.

Knowledge, skills and understanding

Finding things out

1. Pupils should be taught how to:

a) gather information from a variety of sources [for example, people, books, databases, CD-ROMs, videos and TV]

c) retrieve information that has been stored [for example, using a CD-ROM, loading saved work].

KS1 PERSONAL, SOCIAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION AND CITIZENSHIP

Developing a healthy, safer lifestyle

3. Pupils should be taught:

a) how to make simple choices that improve their health and well-being

b) to maintain personal hygiene

c) how some diseases spread and can be controlled

e) the names of the main parts of the body

f) that all household products, including medicines, can be harmful if not used properly

Developing good relationships and respecting the differences between people

4. Pupils should be taught:

c) to identify and respect the differences and similarities between people

d) that family and friends should care for each other

KS2 SCIENCE Sc1 Scientific enquiry

Ideas and evidence in science

1. Pupils should be taught:

a) that science is about thinking creatively to try to explain how living and non-living things work, and to establish links between causes and effects

b) that it is important to test ideas using evidence from observation and measurement.

KS2 SCIENCE Sc2 Life processes and living things

Life processes

1. Pupils should be taught:

a) that the life processes common to humans and other animals include nutrition, movement, growth and reproduction

b) that the life processes common to plants include growth, nutrition and reproduction

c) to make links between life processes in familiar animals and plants and the environments in which they are found.

Humans and other animals

2. Pupils should be taught:

Nutrition

b) about the need for food for activity and growth, and about the importance of an adequate and varied diet for health

Circulation

c) that the heart acts as a pump to circulate the blood through vessels around the body, including through the lungs

Movement

e) that humans and some other animals have skeletons and muscles to support and protect their bodies and to help them to move

Growth and reproduction

f) about the main stages of the human life cycle

Health

g) about the effects on the human body of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs, and how these relate to their personal health

h) about the importance of exercise for good health.

Variation and classification

4. Pupils should be taught:

a) to make and use keys

b) how locally occurring animals and plants can be identified and assigned to groups

c) that the variety of plants and animals makes it important to identify them and assign them to groups.

Living things in their environment

5. Pupils should be taught:

a) about ways in which living things and the environment need protection

Micro-organisms

f) that micro-organisms are living organisms that are often too small to be seen, and that they may be beneficial [for example, in the breakdown of waste, in making bread] or harmful [for example, in causing disease, in causing food to go mouldy].

KS2 DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY

Developing, planning and communicating ideas

1. Pupils should be taught to:

a) generate ideas for products after thinking about who will use them and what they will be used for, using information from a number of sources, including ICT-based sources

b) develop ideas and explain them clearly, putting together a list of what they want their design to achieve

c) plan what they have to do, suggesting a sequence of actions and alternatives, if needed

d) communicate design ideas in different ways as these develop, bearing in mind aesthetic qualities, and the uses and purposes for which the product is intended.

KS2 DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY Breadth of study

5. During the key stage, pupils should be taught the k nowledge, skills and understanding through:

b) focused practical tasks that develop a range of techniques, skills, processes and knowledge

KS2 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

During key stage 2 pupils use a wider range of ICT tools and information sources to support their work in other subjects. They develop their research skills and decide what information is appropriate for their work. They learn how to amend their work and present it in a way that suits its audience.

Knowledge, skills and understanding

Finding things out

1 Pupils should be taught:

a) to talk about what information they need and how they can find and use it [for example, searching the internet or a CD-ROM, using printed material, asking people]

b) how to prepare information for development using ICT, including selecting suitable sources, finding information, classifying it and checking it for accuracy [for example, finding information from books or newspapers, creating a class database, classifying by characteristics and purposes, checking the spelling of names is consistent]

Exchanging and sharing information

3. Pupils should be taught:

a) how to share and exchange information in a variety of forms, including e-mail [for example, displays, posters, animations, musical compositions]

b) to be sensitive to the needs of the audience and think carefully about the content and quality when communicating information [for example, work for presentation to other pupils, writing for parents, publishing on the internet].

KS2 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Breadth of study

5. During the key stage, pupils should be taught the knowledge, skills and understanding through:

a) working with a range of information to consider its characteristics and purposes [for example, collecting factual data from the internet and a class survey to compare the findings]

KS2 ART AND DESIGN

Exploring and developing ideas

1. Pupils should be taught to:

a) record from experience and imagination, to select and record from first-hand observation and to explore ideas for different purposes

c) collect visual and other information [for example, images, materials] to help them develop their ideas.

Investigating and making art, craft and design

2. Pupils should be taught to:

c) use a variety of methods and approaches to communicate observations, ideas and feelings, and to design and make images and artefacts.

Knowledge and understanding

4. Pupils should be taught about:

a) visual and tactile elements, including colour, pattern and texture, line and tone, shape, form and space, and how these elements can be combined and organised for different purposes

KS2 ART AND DESIGN Breadth of study

5. During the key stage, pupils should be taught the knowledge, skills and understanding through:

c) using a range of materials and processes, including ICT [for example, painting, collage, print making, digital media, textiles, sculpture]

KS2 PERSONAL, SOCIAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION AND CITIZENSHIP

Developing a healthy, safer lifestyle

3. Pupils should be taught:

a) what makes a healthy lifestyle, including the benefits of exercise and healthy eating, what affects mental health, and how to make informed choices

b) that bacteria and viruses can affect health and that following simple, safe routines can reduce their spread

d) which commonly available substances and drugs are legal and illegal, their effects and risks

g) school rules about health and safety, basic emergency aid procedures and where to get help.

Developing good relationships and respecting the differences between people

4. Pupils should be taught:

e) to recognise and challenge stereotypes

KS2 PERSONAL, SOCIAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION AND CITIZENSHIP Breadth of opportunities

5. During the key stage, pupils should be taught the knowledge, skills and understanding through opportunities to:

d) make real choices and decisions [for example, about issues affecting their health and well-being such as smoking; on the use of scarce resources; how to spend money, including pocket money and contributions to charities]

f) develop relationships through work and play [for example, taking part in activities with groups that have particular needs, such as children with special needs and the elderly; communicating with children in other countries by satellite, e-mail or letters]